BY 30 – Fall 2001

LECTURE 3: Organic Chemistry: Carbohydrates and Lipids

Study Outline Answers

3.1. Carbon-based Compounds and their Reactions

a. 4

b. carbohydrates; lipids; proteins; nucleic acids

c. hydroxyl; methyl; COOH; NH₂; phosphate

d. hydrophobic; water

e. monomers; polymers; dehydration

f. hydrolysis

3.2. Carbohydrates and Their Functions

a. sugars; starches; glycogen; cellulose

b. 2; 1

c. monosaccharides; disaccharides; polysaccharides

d. nutrient; ATP; glycogen; fats

e. starch; liver; muscle; polysaccharides

f. deoxyribose; ribose; cellulose

g. glycoside linkage

3.3. Carbohydrate Structures and their Reactions

a. trioses; pentoses; hexoses

b. glucose

c. fructose; galactose; C₆H₁₂O₆; 6; hexoses

d. disaccharide; dehydration; maltose; sucrose; galactose

e. sucrose; milk sugar

f. sweet; insoluble

3.4. Lipids: Structure and Function

a. neutral fats; phospholipids; steroids; eicosanoids

b. oxygen; polar; hydrophobic

c. fats; oils

d. adipose; protection; insulation

e. carboxyl; unsaturated; saturated; polyunsaturated

f. unsaturated; saturated fats

g. 3; glycerol; 2; 1

h. dehydration

i. 2; phosphate

j. amphipathic; polar; membranes

k. steroids; cholesterol

l. bile salts; vitamin D; hormones

m. eicosanoids; 20; prostaglandins