BY 32 – SPRING 2000
Section 2412
EXAM 4
NAME ___________________________________
Instructions: Record your answers directly on this sheet by circling the
correct response. For each question,
choose the single best response.
1. The
outermost portion of a kidney lobe (that is the portion that lies closest to
the capsule) is called: (A)
a.
the
cortex.
b.
the
medulla.
c.
the
renal papilla.
d.
the
renal columns.
2. The space
in the middle of the kidney where the larger blood vessels are found is called
the: (C)
a.
the
renal pelvis.
b.
the
major calyx.
c.
the
renal sinus.
d.
the
renal papilla.
3. Which of
the following structures is not part of the nephron? (D)
a.
The
loop of Henle
b.
The
distal tubule
c.
Bowman’s
capsule
d.
Collecting
ducts
4. The cells
that make up the visceral layer of Bowman’s capsule are called: (B)
a.
endothelial
cells.
b.
Podocytes.
c.
mesangial
cells.
d.
proximal
tubule cells.
5. The
structure that is largely responsible for restricting the passage of large
proteins from plasma to the space of Bowman’s capsule is(are) the: (C)
a.
fenestrations
between endothelial cells.
b.
gap
junctions between endothelial cells.
c.
glomerular
basement membrane.
d.
filtration
slit diaphragms.
6. The
proximal tubule extends from the space of Bowman’s capsule to the: (B)
a.
thick
ascending limb of the loop of Henle.
b.
thick
descending limb of the loop of Henle.
c.
distal
tubule.
d.
a
collecting duct.
7. The
macula densa is a portion of which of the following? (D)
a.
The
glomerulus
b.
The
proximal tubule
c.
The
loop of Henle
d.
The
distal tubule
8. Within
the cortex of the kidney, collecting ducts are found in the region called: (A)
a.
a
medullary ray.
b.
cortical
labyrinth.
c.
the
renal papilla.
d.
the
renal sinus.
9. Which of
the following vessels gives rise to peritubular capillaries? (D)
a.
The
renal artery
b.
The
interlobular artery
c.
The
afferent arteriole
d.
The
efferent arteriole
10.
Interlobular arteries lie between adjacent: (B)
a.
lobes
of the kidney.
b.
lobules
of the kidney.
c.
minor
calyces.
d.
major
calyces.
11. Which of the following tissue type lines the
lumen of the ureter? (C)
a.
Simple
squamous
b.
Stratified
squamous
c.
Transitional
epithelium
d.
Pseudostratified
columnar
12. Which of
the following portions of the urinary bladder consists of skeletal muscle? (B)
a.
The
internal urethral sphincter
b.
The
external urethral sphincter
c.
The
detrusor muscle
d.
The
trigone
13. During
the micturition reflex, bladder emptying involves contraction of: (A)
a.
the
detrusor muscle.
b.
the
internal urethral sphincter.
c.
the
external urethral sphincter.
d.
the
trigone.
14. The
amount of filtrate formed in all renal corpuscles per unit time is called the:
(A)
a.
glomerular
filtration rate (GFR).
b.
renal
clearance.
c.
renal
excretion rate.
d.
renal
secretion rate.
15.
Glomerular filtration depends on only three of the four Starling
forces. Which of the following is not
considered in determining glomerular filtration because it is essentially zero?
(D)
a.
Glomerular
blood hydrostatic pressure
b.
Capsular
hydrostatic pressure
c.
Blood
colloid osmotic pressure
d.
Interstitial
fluid osmotic pressure
16. Assuming
no compensation mechanisms, net filtration will increase in the renal corpuscle
when there is: (C)
a.
an
increase in the blood colloid hydrostatic pressure.
b.
an
increase in the capsular hydrostatic pressure.
c.
an
increase in blood pressure.
d.
a
decrease in blood pressure.
17. As a
result of the myogenic mechanism operating within the afferent arteriole, a 30%
increase in blood pressure will result in: (B)
a.
dilation
of this vessel.
b.
constriction
of this vessel.
c.
a 30%
increase in GFR.
d.
both
a and c.
18. GFR is
subject to extrinsic regulation which takes the form of neural regulation and:
(C)
a.
the
myogenic reflex.
b.
tubuloglomerular
feedback.
c.
hormonal
regulation.
d.
both
a and b.
19. An
increase in the sympathetic nerve outflow to the kidney will result in: (A)
a.
an
increase in renin release.
b.
an increase
in GFR.
c.
dilation
of the afferent arteriole.
d.
both
b and c.
20. Of the
various hormones which act on the kidney, which of the following will increase
GFR? (B)
a.
Angiotensin
II
b.
Atrial
natriuretic peptide (ANP)
c.
Aldosterone
d.
Anti-diuretic
hormone (ADH)
21. The bulk
of reabsorption takes place along which part of the nephron? (A)
a.
The
proximal tubule
b.
The
loop of Henle
c.
The
distal tubule
d.
Collecting
ducts
22. The
movement of Na+ across the basolateral membrane of proximal tubule
cells via the Na+/K+ ATPase represents an example of
which of the following? (B)
a.
Facilitated
diffusion
b.
Primary
active transport
c.
Secondary
active transport
d.
Osmosis
23. The
movement of glucose from the tubular fluid into proximal tubule cells
represents an example of which of the following? (C)
a.
Facilitated
diffusion
b.
Primary
active transport
c.
Secondary
active transport
d.
Osmosis
24. The H+
needed to supply the Na+/H+ antiporter of the proximal
tubule are supplied through the enzymatic action of:
a.
the
Na+/K+ ATPase.
b.
Na+-glucose
symporters.
c.
carbonic
anhydrase.
d.
Both
b and c.
25. Within
the nephron, water permeability is low in which of the following segments? (C)
a.
The
proximal tubule
b.
The
descending limb of the loop of Henle
c.
The
ascending limb of the loop of Henle