BIO 132 – Anatomy and Physiology II

LECTURE 11: HEMATOLOGY

Study Outline

Answers

11.1. Functions of Blood:

a. connective; plasma

b. hematology

c. transport; regulation; protection

d. pH; intracellular fluid volume; extracellular (specifically plasma) volume

e. blood loss; infection

11.2. Composition of Blood:

a. the erythrocytes (RBCs); buffy coat consisting of platelets and leukocytes; plasma

b. 55%

c. 7.35; 7.45

d. 38 degrees centrigrade

e. 5-6 L; 4-5 L

f. 91.5%; 7%; 1.5%

g. plasma; globulins; liver; antibodies

h. RBCs; leukocytes (white blood cells); platelets; leukocytes

11.3. Erythrocytes: Structure and Function:

a. the hematocrit

b. 47%; 42%

c. 7-8 microns; biconcave disc

d. 2 million; 2 million

e. hemoglobin

f. 4; heme; iron; oxygen

g. carbon dioxide

11.4. Erythrocytes: Lifecycle:

a. 120 days

b. erythropoiesis; proerythroblast; erythroblast

c. red bone marrow; reticulocyte

d. vitamin B12; iron; erythropoietin; hypoxia; testosterone

e. spleen; transferrin; bilirubin

11.5. Erythrocytes: Disorders:

a. insufficient numbers of RBCs; decreased hemoglobin content; abnormal hemoglobin

b. iron; intrinsic factor

c. hemorrhage

d. thalassemia; sickle cell anemia

e. polycythemia; viscosity; hematocrit

11.6. Leukocytes:

a. myeloid stem cell; lymphoid stem cell

b. megakaryocytes; thrombopoietin

c. lymphoid;

d. interleukins; colony stimulating factors

e. granulocytes; agranulocytes

f. neutrophils; eosinophils; basophils

g. monocytes; lymphocytes; T cells; B cells

h. leukopenia

i. leukemia

11.7. Hemostasis:

a. vascular spasm; platelet plug formation; clotting

b. contraction of the vascular smooth muscle

c. platelet adhesion; platelet release reaction; platelet aggregation

d. ADP; thromboxane A2; thromboxane A2; serotonin

e. serum

f. intrinsic; extrinsic

g. calcium; thrombin

h. fibrin

i. platelet derived growth factor

j. K; lipid

k. plasmin

l. thrombosis; embolus

m. thromboxane A2; heparin; warfarin (coumadin)

n. hemophilia

11.8. Blood Groups and Types:

a. A antigens; B antigens; both A and B antigens; no A or B antigens

b. AB; O; A; O; B; O

c. Rh positive