1. The tip of the arrow lies in the lumen of which of the following? (B)

a. a metarteriole

b. an arteriole

c. a venule

d. a lymphatic vessel

e. none of the above

2. This tissue section is taken from which of the following? (E)

a. a terminal bronchiole

b. a segmental bronchus

c. a large vein

d. the urinary bladder

e. none of the above

3. The tissue indicated by the arrow belongs to which of the following? (A)

a. the tunica muscularis

b. the lamina propria

c. the tunica adventitia

d. the submucosa

e. none of the above

4. The structure indicated by the arrow is best characterized as the: (C)

a. the left ventricular wall

b. the right ventricular wall

c. the muscular interventricular septum

d. the interatrial septum

e. none of the above

5. The tip of the arrow is in the lumen of: (B)

a. a segmental bronchus

b. a terminal bronchiole

c. a respiratory bronchiole

d. an alveolar duct

e. an alveolar sac

6. The cell type at the tip of the arrow is: (E)

a. a pre-ganglionic sympathetic motor neuron

b. a post-ganglionic sympathetic motor neuron

c. a pre-ganglionic parasympathetic motor neuron

d. a post-ganglionic parasympathetic motor neuron

e. none of the above

7. The dark-staining structures indicated by the arrow represent: (D)

a. smooth muscle cells

b. fibroblasts

c. reticular fibers

d. elastic fibers

e. collagen fibers

8. The tissue type surrounding the tip of the arrow is: (C)

a. the annulus fibrosus

b. the root of the aorta

c. dense irregular FECT

d. cardiac muscle

e. none of the above

9. This tissue section was taken from which of the following? (B)

a. the epiglottis

b. the trachea

c. a bronchus

d. a terminal bronchiole

e. none of the above

10. The structure (layer) indicated by the arrow is best described as: (A)

a. the perichondrium

b. the submucosa

c. the tunica muscularis

d. the tunica adventitia

e. none of the above

11. The structure indicated by the arrow is: (E)

a. a lymphatic vessel

b. a metarteriole

c. a venule

d. an arteriole

e. none of the above

12. The tip of the arrow is in the lumen of: (B)

a. a proximal tubule

b. a thick descending limb of the loop of Henle

c. a thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle

d. a collecting duct

e. none of the above

13. The tip of the arrow is now in the lumen of a different structure. What will happen to the water permeability across this structure in the presence of increased anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) input? (B)

a. water permeability will increase

b. water permeability will remain unchanged

c. water permeability will decrease

14. The tip of the arrow is in the lumen of: (D)

a. a venule

b. an arteriole

c. a metarteriole

d. a lymphatic vessel

e. none of the above

15. The cell type indicated by the tip of the arrow is: (A)

a. an endothelial cell

b. a mesothelial cell

c. a smooth muscle cell

d. a fibroblast

e. a Schwann cell

16. What is the name of the tissue type surrounding the arrow? (E)

a. the vocalis muscle

b. the vocal ligament

c. cardiac muscle

d. smooth muscle

e. skeletal muscle

17. What is the name of the structure indicated by the arrow? (D)

a. pectinate muscle

b. papillary muscle

c. trabecular muscle

d. chordae tendinae

e. a valve cusp

18. Which of the following best describes the structure (layer) indicated by the arrow? (C)

a. atrial endocardium

b. atrial epicardium

c. ventricular endocardium

d. ventricular epicardium

e. the atrioventricular sulcus

19. What is the name of the structure indicated by the arrow? (C)

a. a mucous acinus

b. a serous acinus

c. a mucous acinus with a serous demilune

d. a parasympathetic ganglion

e. none of the above

20. Application of a muscarinic antagonist to the cell type indicated by the arrow will do what to the cross-sectional area of the lumen? (A)

a. the cross-sectional area will increase

b. the cross-sectional area will remain unchanged

c. the cross-sectional area will decrease

21. The cells indicated by the arrow are best described as: (D)

a. the distal tubule

b. a glomerular arteriole

c. the juxtaglomerular apparatus

d. the macula densa

e. none of the above

22. The region indicated by the tip of the arrow represents the space of: (B)

a. a glomerular capillary

b. Bowman's capsule

c. a proximal tubule

d. a peritubular capillary

e. a vasa recta

23. What is the name of the cell type represented by the nuclei in this region? (B)

a. fibroblasts

b. smooth muscle cells

c. Schwann cells

d. endothelial cells

e. none of the above

24. What is the name of the cell type indicated by the arrow? (D)

a. Purkinje cells

b. bundle of His myocytes

c. SA nodal myocytes

d. AV nodal myocytes

e. working cardiac myocytes

25. The tip of the arrow lies in the lumen of: (A)

a. a respiratory bronchiole

b. a terminal bronchiole

c. an alveolar duct

d. an alveolar sac

e. none of the above

26. The tip of the arrow lies in a structure best described as: (C)

a. a venule

b. a lymphatic vessel

c. a vasa vasorum

d. a metarteriole

e. none of the above

27. The dark staining structure at the tip of the arrow is: (E)

a. a T-tubule

b. the sarcoplasmic reticulum

c. a nucleus

d. an autonomic nerve

e. none of the above

28. Application of digoxin to this cell type will do what to the size of the Na⁺ gradient across the plasma membrane? (A)

a. it will decrease the size of the gradient

b. it will result in no change to the size of the gradient

c. it will increase the size of the gradient

29. The tip of the arrow is in the lumen of: (E)

a. a peritubular capillary

b. an arcuate artery

c. an arcuate vein

d. an interlobular artery

e. an interlobular vein

30. The two structures at the tip of the arrow are best described as: (A)

a. glomerular arterioles

b. peritubular capillaries

c. the juxtaglomerular apparatus

d. macula densa

e. none of the above

31. The structure indicated by the tip of the arrow is: (C)

a. the origin of an alveolus from an alveolar sac

b. the origin of an alveolar sac from an alveolar duct

c. an alveolar pore

d. an alveolar capillary

e. none of the above

32. The cell type at the tip of the arrow is: (C)

a. an alveolar macrophage

b. a Type I pneumocyte

c. a Type II pneumocyte

d. a ciliated cell

e. a goblet cell

33. The cell type surrounding the tip of the arrow is: (E)

a. bundle of His myocytes

b. SA nodal myocytes

c. AV nodal myocytes

d. working cardiac myocytes

e. none of the above

34. The structure shown in the field is: (B)

a. an elastic artery

b. a large vein

c. a muscular artery

d. a medium-sized vein

e. none of the above

35. The tip of the arrow lies in the lumen of: (C)

a. the bladder

b. the ureter

c. a minor calyx

d. a collecting duct

e. none of the above